PISTON: Jurnal Teknologi

Rancang Bangun Bodi Mobil Listrik Menggunakan Fiberglass

2025-04-07T13:28:10+00:00

Electric cars are cars that are driven by electric motors and use electrical energy stored in batteries. The use of electric cars certainly requires a vehicle design that can meet automotive needs that are more focused on the chassis and body. The performance of electric cars is influenced by the weight and aerodynamics of the car itself, one of which is the body of the electric car, to produce good performance, a design that has a low drag coefficient value is needed so that it can cut through the wind well and make this electric car go fast. The material used to make this electric car body is fiberglass with a hand lay up application technique. In making it, several preparations are needed, namely making designs, making moulds, and making bodies using fiberglass media. The results of the study indicate that for the specifications of the car body design results, namely the body height of 60 cm, body width of 82 cm, body length of 2.73 m, upper body width of 63 cm, inner body width of 50 cm, front body height of 37 cm, body glass length of 101 cm, glass width of 63 cm, rear glass height of 44.5 cm, front glass height of 10.5 cm with a body weight of 19.25 kg and a glass weight of 2.15 kg. The conclusion of this study is that the prototype body of the electric car can be attached to the frame properly after the car is used or driven and the prototype body. Electric cars are made of fiberglass, this material is very appropriate because it has a light character, easy to shape. But for performance in electric cars, body weight greatly affects the speed of electric cars so it is hoped that further research will be developed with a lighter form of electric car body.

Studi Karakteristik Energi Surya untuk Pemanenan Energi: Studi Awal di Kota Kendari

2025-05-19T14:10:07+00:00

This research aims to evaluate the solar energy characteristics in the Andoonuhu area, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi, as a preliminary study for the development of a solar power generation (PLTS). Data collection was conducted using a simulation approach and direct measurements during the period from March to May 2024. The main parameters analyzed include solar radiation intensity, clearness index, zenith, incidence, solar hour angle, and the power output response of the photovoltaic panel SP-50-P36. The study results show that the average daily radiation intensity ranges from 4.5–6.4 kWh/m²/day, with peak energy occurring in May. Analysis of the sun's position on March 23 (equinox) revealed a minimum zenith angle of about 4–5°, indicating near-vertical sunlight conditions relative to the Earth's surface. Solar panels installed at a 15° facing north exhibited relatively small incidence angles during the day, supporting optimal radiation capture performance. Maximum beam radiation was recorded at 12:00 noon, while diffuse radiation contributed more significantly in the morning and evening. The clearness index showed a positive correlation with the solar angle, with optimal values when the elevation angle was above 60°. Panel performance tests revealed a decrease in thermal efficiency due to an increase in module surface temperature up to 49.25°C. This study indicates that the utilization of solar PV energy in Kendari is quite favorable and can be optimized through fixed or tracking system designs. The research provides a technical fundamental data for the development of efficient, sustainable, and adaptive PLTS systems tailored to local radiation characteristics, particularly in the central-eastern region of Indonesia.

Perawatan dan Perbaikan dengan Pengelasan Teknologi Robotik secara Preventive maintenance dengan Modulary Design

2025-05-23T14:02:05+00:00

The focus of this research was maintenance and repair of robotic welding technology using preventive maintenance with modular design. This concept organizes machine parts to reduce manufacturing costs, repair procedures, and reduce product defects, as well as minimize component damage such as undercut, overlap, and porosity. If component damage occurs, maintenance/replacement of components is not only carried out on the damaged component but also is connected to other components. The method used in this research was observation carried out by direct observation at the location of the information source at the company Showa Kinzoku.co.,ltd, as well as literature study in order to obtain complementary data and solve problems. This shows that there was a significant decrease in damage after research was carried out before maintenance was carried out in November {13.0}, December {12.3}, January {12.5}. After maintenance was carried out in February {4.12}, March {3.33}, April {3.76} the difference was very significant. In this research the author also looked at seasonal factors, in the winter in December product damage reached {12.5} damage and in the summer in April it decreased to {3.76} damage. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the implementation of preventive maintenance with modular design is very effective, the January presentation data showed 77% damage, compared to April's only 23% damage. Maintenance significantly reduces average product defects by more than 50%, demonstrating high effectiveness in this period.

Studi Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Serat Sabuk Kelapa Antisymmetric Laminates

2025-05-30T12:34:35+00:00

The utilization of natural fiber-based composite materials is increasingly developing as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic materials. Coconut sheath fiber is an agricultural waste with potential as reinforcement in polymer matrices due to its strength and flexibility. This study focuses on the tensile strength of coconut sheath fiber composites in antisymmetric laminate configurations, which have not been widely explored. Such configurations are expected to enhance mechanical performance, particularly in lightweight structural applications. The study aims to analyze tensile characteristics and understand the influence of laminate orientation on the mechanical properties of the composite. The problem addressed is how tensile strength behaves in coconut sheath fiber antisymmetric laminates with fiber orientations of [-45°/+45°/-45°/+45°] and [-30°/+30°/-30°/+30°]. A quantitative research method was used, consisting of the following stages: (1) fiber preparation, (2) fiber soaking, (3) mold fabrication, (4) composite fabrication, (5) specimen preparation, and (6) tensile testing. The results showed that the highest average tensile stress was obtained in the +45°/-45°/+45°/-45° orientation, with a value of 10.578 MPa, a tensile strain of 2.452%, and an elastic modulus of 0.004 GPa. The positive contribution of this study lies in revealing the potential of coconut sheath waste as a reinforcing material for composites with promising mechanical performance under specific laminate configurations. However, the study is limited in the range of fiber orientations explored and does not include evaluations under other mechanical loads such as bending and impact. Further studies are recommended to investigate a wider range of fiber orientations and to conduct multiaxial mechanical testing to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the composite behavior.

Model Sistem Dinamik dalam Simulasi dan Evaluasi Penanganan Sampah di Kota Medan

2025-05-23T13:18:07+00:00

Waste management is a significant challenge for the rapidly growing city of Medan. This study aims to develop a dynamic system model for simulating and evaluating waste management in Medan. The model is used to analyze the impact of various waste management policies on the amount of waste processed, the required waste management facilities, and the associated costs. The simulation results show that the model can predict population growth with high accuracy (MAPE 1.48%) and waste generation with good accuracy (MAPE 3.30%). Additionally, the simulation reveals an increasing need for waste trucks in line with population growth and waste generation. The contribution of this study is the development of a dynamic system model that can be used to plan more efficient and sustainable waste management policies in the future. However, this study also has some limitations, such as significant deviations in the waste generation predictions for 2024, influenced by external factors that are difficult to predict, such as changes in public behavior and new policies. Alternative solutions for future research include the development of a more complex model that accounts for external variables such as new waste management policies, public awareness, and other environmental factors. Overall, this study demonstrates that the dynamic system model can be an effective tool for planning more efficient waste management policies in Medan, with useful results for sustainable waste management policy planning.

Analisis Pemeliharaan Aset dengan Metode RAM pada Unit Reciprocating Compressor C-8200

2025-06-17T02:37:32+00:00

The oil and gas industry becomes an important industry for the community. The need to support survival is production carried out by the company. The company has an obligation when providing the services to the community by producing quality output. To produce good and high-quality results, one of the supporting factors is the existence of qualified production machine units that are able to operate optimally. With a planned machine maintenance system, it minimizes the occurrence of machine failures where the level of machine failure in production is very possible so that the unreliability of a machine can also occur. Therefore, the company must implement a maintenance system with an appropriate method to control the rate of machine failure. The Reciprocating Compressor C-8200 Unit is used as one of the other compressors in operations which of course has failures and also unplanned downtime. Minimizing the risk of failure in the unit, the research was conducted determining the extent to maintenance the assets with RAM Method on the Reciprocating Compressor C-8200 Unit, It has been carried out and this is also to introduce the company to the use of this method.

Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Injektor Mesin Wartsila W20V34DF pada Beban 0 kW dan 3000 kW Menggunakan Simulasi CFD

2025-06-09T12:15:31+00:00

Injector performance is a crucial factor in combustion efficiency and emission control in diesel engines, especially in power plant applications such as the Baubau 30MW PLTMG using the Wartsila W20V34DF engine. Pressure fluctuations, non-ideal fuel flow patterns, and uneven temperature distribution inside the injector can have a significant impact on the atomization and combustion process, which in turn affects overall engine performance. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the fluid dynamics inside the injector is essential for optimization and maintenance. This study aims to analyze the injector performance on the Wartsila W20V34DF engine by understanding the flow distribution, fluid velocity in the internal injector area using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method. Specifically, this study attempts to identify fuel flow characteristics and potential areas where injector performance may be less than optimal. Through CFD simulation using Solidworks, a detailed picture of the complex fuel flow pattern inside the injector is obtained. In the comparative analysis of the performance of the Wartsila engine injector at 0 kW and 3000 kW load conditions, CFD simulations were carried out with fuel flow velocity parameters, where the 0 kW load condition reached 4.1 m/s with 100 iterations and the 3000 kW speed reached 9.5 m/s with 100 iterations. Showing variations in the distribution of fluid velocity, especially around the injector hole, which is a crucial area for the fogging process. Areas with high velocities that support effective fogging were identified, but also flow patterns that can affect spray distribution. This analysis provides insight into how the internal design of the injector affects fluid dynamics, highlighting the importance of injector geometry for optimal performance. As a continuation of this study, it is recommended to conduct experimental validation of the CFD simulation results to verify the accuracy of the model. In addition, future research can consider factors such as variations in fuel composition, the effects of injector material degradation due to long-term use, and the interaction between injector spray and air in the combustion chamber to gain a more comprehensive understanding.

Analisis Kebutuhan Energi dari Minyak Goreng Bekas menjadi Bahan Bakar Biodiesel B40, B60, dan B80 menggunakan Kompor Minyak Bekas

2025-06-15T23:50:08+00:00

Stoves that use used oil as fuel are widely used as a tool to utilize liquid waste such as oil into fuel. The aim of this study is focused on comparing the energy requirements and efficiency of various fuels sourced from used cooking oil through transesterification. This research utilizes used cooking oil as an alternative fuel using a used oil stove. Waste cooking oil is processed into biodiesel fuel through a transesterification process into three variations, B40, B60, and B80. Testing of fuel variations on used oil stoves showed that the energy requirement value for B40 fuel had a higher value (0.27 kcal/second) than B60 fuel (0.22 kcal/second) and B80 fuel (0.18 kcal/second). The results shown for the combustion efficiency of B40 fuel have a higher average value (18.9%) than B60 fuel (17.2%) and B80 fuel (14.9%). This shows that the percentage of transesterification results of a mixture of used cooking oil and diesel fuel that is increasing, is seen to experience a decrease in the value of energy requirements and combustion efficiency. The highest combustion efficiency value is found in B40 fuel which has a mixture percentage of 40% transesterification oil and 60% diesel fuel. There was a decrease in combustion efficiency of 8.9% from B40 fuel to B60 fuel, and a decrease in combustion efficiency of 21.2% from B40 fuel to B80 fuel.

Desain Mesin Pemisah Kulit Kacang Tanah Menggunakan Sistem Transmisi Ganda

2025-06-30T12:16:03+00:00

Post-harvest processing of peanuts requires an efficient outer skin peeling process to speed up the production process. Manual peeling is still common among farmers and small business actors, but this method is considered less efficient in terms of time and energy. Therefore, this study aims to develop a peanut peeling machine using a double belt transmission mechanism to improve work efficiency and peeling results. The machine development method includes designing and mechanism design. The machine is designed with a steel angle frame measuring 800 mm high × 500 mm long × 500 mm wide, using a peeling roller with a diameter of 267 mm and a length of 450 mm consisting of four spoons. The roller functions to scrape the peanut skin through a pressing system, while the sieve keeps the seeds and skins still during pressing. The mixture of peanut skin and seeds that have been separated will fall together through the sieve. Then it passes through the blower and separation occurs. This machine is driven by a 5.5 HP electric motor with a maximum rotation of 1400 rpm. The transmission system uses two belts and pulleys: a 100 mm input pulley and a 250 mm output pulley produce a roller rotation of 560 rpm, while the blower is driven by a 100 mm input and output pulley at 1400 rpm. This machine has the potential to be a practical mechanical solution to increase the efficiency of peeling results on a small industrial scale. Further development is needed to build a physical prototype of the machine and evaluate its performance and efficiency.